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After the death of a person, one of the first legal steps the heirs usually need to take is obtaining an Inheritance Certificate (also known as Heirship Certificate). Without this certificate, the legal division and transfer of the estate cannot proceed. In practice, most inheritance-related actions—such as transferring property, accessing bank accounts, or settling the estate—depend on the issuance of this document. Because the process involves filing a formal application […]

The division of inheritance among the heirs of the deceased is conducted according to the rules and laws outlined in the Iranian Civil Code. When dividing the inheritance, only individuals specified in the inheritance classes and degrees, in order of priority, are entitled to benefit from it. A fundamental question regarding the division of inheritance is how heirs can legally receive their shares. The first step in inheriting and dividing

As AI services become more widespread, business operations and practices are evolving, and legal firms and service providers are no exception. One key area in the legal field affected by AI is contract management. The use of AI in managing contracts is rapidly expanding as more organizations adopt AI-driven software to streamline their contract processes and reduce errors. Contract management is a complex process that involves drafting, negotiating, executing, and

Preface The right to health is one of the most fundamental rights of every human being, making the regulatory framework governing health rights—especially in the pharmaceutical sector—extremely important. The engagement of government officials and lawmakers in this area can significantly enhance public health. Their involvement allows for the development of effective strategies to protect individuals and society from potential harms associated with pharmaceuticals. In the Iranian legal system, the right

A Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) is one of the simplest yet most important contracts businesses rely on to protect the information that gives them an edge: whether that information is technical, financial, strategic, or simply not meant for competitors. NDAs appear everywhere: from early investment conversations and due diligence processes to employment negotiations and collaborations between companies. When drafted well, an NDA can prevent misunderstandings, limit legal exposure, and keep commercial

A Trademark Assignment Agreement is a contract where the trademark owner transfers all or part of their rights to another party. This agreement leads to the actual transfer of ownership, making the assignee the new owner of the transferred trademark. One of the most vital aspects of this process is the drafting and execution of contracts, which can be complex. Legal advice is often needed to ensure that the assignment

Why Full Disclosure Matters in an Effective Attorney-Client Relationship? Clients and attorneys mutual criteria for a successful relation is trust. This is because the amount of personal and confidential information that the client must be willing to share, matters greatly to the attorney to be able to build a case. Clients are often hesitant to share information due the sensitivity or thinking that it may not be relevant. However, withholding

Smart contracts stand as one of the most revolutionary advances in technology today. As self-executing agreements, they directly impact how people create and enforce deals, forming an intriguing intersection of technology and law, especially contract law. While computer programming forms the core of these contracts, their design and use are equally influenced by legal principles, emphasizing a unique partnership between technical skills and legal knowledge. Like other contracts, it is

How to continue doing international business under the shadow of snapback sanctions   Following the reinstatement of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) sanctions called “snapback”, several countries and business hubs have been hesitant in their relationships with Iranian counterparts. This is partly the result of predictions made by the headlines, and partly due to misinformation. But the truth is, Iran’s economy remains adaptable for those who seize the